In the case of SB, typically no difference (if using integers) because of the way I wrapped the GMP api.
In the GMP api itself, *_si indicates that you are passing a "signed integer" as a parameter. *_ui would be an "unsigned integer".
Other numeric types are represented in similar fashion (they're not implemented in the SB Module), the documentation link you posted has more details under the Integer/Rational/Floating-Point function sections.
AIR.